Python批量备份路由器或交换机配置

首先建立excel表格，填入设备相关连接信息，如图：

然后安装excel处理模块openpyxl，用于读取excel文件。安装netmiko模块用于连接交换机。

pip install openpyxl
pip install netmiko

完整代码如下，仅实现了ssh，telnet

from netmiko import ConnectHandler
from openpyxl import load_workbook
import os
from sys import exit
# 读取excel内设备列表信息
def check_and_get_dev_list(filename, sheet_name):
    """
    filename:  为Excel文件名
    sheet_name： 表名
    从表格中逐行遍历，获取设备相关信息
    """
    excel_information = []
    sheet_header = []
 
    wb = load_workbook(filename)
    sh = wb[sheet_name]
    # 获取最大行数
    row = sh.max_row
    # 获取最大列数
    column = sh.max_column
    data = []
    # 获取表头写入列表中方便调用
    for data_1 in range(1, column+1):
        get_sheet_header = sh.cell(row=1, column=data_1).value
        sheet_header.append(get_sheet_header)
 
    # 第一行为表头， 此处 row +1 是pyton循环时不读取最后一个数
    for row_1 in range(2, row + 1):
        # 存储一行信息
        sheet_data_1 = dict()
        # 逐行读取表中的数据
        for b in range(1, column + 1):
            cell = sh.cell(row=row_1, column=b).value
            # 将数据已字典形式写入 sheet_data_1 中
            # if cell != None:
            sheet_data_1[sheet_header[b-1]] = cell
        excel_information.append(sheet_data_1)
 
    for i in excel_information:
        if i['ip'] != None:
            data.append(i)
    return data
 
 
# 配置批量备份导出
def cisco_ssh_confbak():
    # 创建备份文件夹
    try:
        path = './conf_bak'
        os.makedirs(path)
    except FileExistsError:
        pass
    res = check_and_get_dev_list('./resource.xlsx', 'Sheet1')
 
    for i in res:
 
        dev = {'device_type':i['type'],
               'host': i['ip'],
               'username': i['username'],
               'password': i['password'],
               'secret': i['enpassword'],
               'port': i['port'],}
        with ConnectHandler(**dev) as conn:
            conn.enable()
            if dev['device_type'] == 'cisco_ios':
                output = conn.send_command(command_string='show run')
            elif dev['device_type'] == 'huawei' or 'hp_comware':
                output = conn.send_command(command_string='dis current-configuration')
            else:
                print('error')
            with open('./conf_bak/'+ dev['host'] +'_conf_bak.txt', mode='w', encoding='utf8') as f:
                print('正在备份:'+dev['host'])
                f.write(output)
                print('备份成功！')
    return 1
a = cisco_ssh_confbak()
print(a)